例句與造句

1. A question has been raised about who gave the earliest statement of the Jarzynski equality.
2. When this is done the so-called Jarzynski equality or nonequilibrium work relation, can be derived.
3. Since its original derivation, the Jarzynski equality has been verified in a variety of contexts, ranging from experiments with biomolecules to numerical simulations.
4. Computing energy balances for different feedback protocols, has confirmed that the Jarzynski equality requires a generalization that accounts for the amount of information involved in the feedback.
5. Applications of non-equilibrium work relations, like the Jarzynski equality, have recently been proposed for the purposes of detectiing quantum entanglement and to improving optimization problems ( minimize or maximize a function of multivariables called the cost function ) via quantum annealing.
6. It's difficult to find jarzynski equality in a sentence. 用jarzynski equality造句挺難的
7. The fact that these nonequilibrium systems heat up forever because of the lack of any thermostatting mechanism leads to divergent integrals etc . No purely Hamiltonian description is capable of treating the experiments carried out to verify the Crooks fluctuation theorem, Jarzynski equality and the Fluctuation theorem.
8. In the limit of an infinitely slow process, the work " W " performed on the system in each realization is numerically the same, so the average becomes irrelevant and the Jarzynski equality reduces to the thermodynamic equality \ Delta F = W ( see above ).
9. Experiments have suggested that the Jarzynski equality does not hold in some cases due to the presence of non-Boltzmann statistics in active baths . } } This observation points towards a new direction in the study of non-equilibrium statistical physics and stochastic thermodynamics, where also the environment itself is far from equilibrium.
10. Another similar statement to the Jarzynski equality is the nonequilibrium partition identity, which can be traced back to Yamada and Kawasaki . ( The Nonequilibrium Partition Identity is the Jarzynski equality applied to two systems whose free energy difference is zero-like straining a fluid . ) However, these early statements are very limited in their application.
11. Another similar statement to the Jarzynski equality is the nonequilibrium partition identity, which can be traced back to Yamada and Kawasaki . ( The Nonequilibrium Partition Identity is the Jarzynski equality applied to two systems whose free energy difference is zero-like straining a fluid . ) However, these early statements are very limited in their application.
12. The over-line indicates an average over all possible realizations of an external process that takes the system from the equilibrium state " A " to a new, generally nonequilibrium state under the same external conditions as that of the equilibrium state " B " . ( For example, in the textbook case of a gas compressed by a piston, the gas is equilibrated at piston position " A " and compressed to piston position " B "; in the Jarzynski equality, the final state of the gas does not need to be equilibrated at this new piston position ).